Grace De Souza, DDS, MSc, PhD, FADM is an associate tenured professor in the Department of Comprehensive Dentistry at the University of Louisville School of Dentistry. She holds a Master’s and PhD in Comprehensive Care/Restorative Dentistry from State University of Campinas, Brasil. After an experience as a visiting research scholar at the Department of Biomaterials and Biomimetics at New York University College of Dentistry, Dr. De Souza developed an interest for the field of polycrystalline content ceramics and their application in dentistry. This was the basis for her postdoctoral studies. She started her academic career in the Faculty of Dentistry of the University of Toronto where she was successfully funded to develop treatments aiming at improving crystalline stability of zirconia and functionally-graded zirconia-based materials. Dr. De Souza has received teaching awards for teaching innovation in undergraduate Restorative courses. Her research accomplishments include publication of 40+ peer-reviewed manuscripts over the past five years, supervision of undergraduate and graduate students, and international keynote presentations. Dr. De Souza is a fellow member of the Academy of Dental Materials. She has also developed an interest for supporting a more diverse and inclusive environment in the field of health sciences. As such, Dr. De Souza is the current president of the W omen in Science Network of the International Association for Dental Research and has been recently awarded a Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA) grant aiming at using dental faculty loan repayment to build a more diverse and inclusive workforce.

Adequate enamel and dentin bonding procedures are required for the proper sealing of composite resin restorations. However, the dentin substrate presents inherent challenges that may be more or less critical depending on the bonding agent used. In this presentation we will discuss possible technical mistakes that lead to post-operative sensitivity and how to avoid them, focusing on total etch and self-etch techniques.

At the conclusion of this course, participants should be able to:

• Determine the most effective bonding technique to the various dentin substrates encountered in clinical practice.
• Apply clinical bonding techniques to ensure effective bonding to enamel and dentin.

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